Introduction

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Document Revision History

This manual describes the functional, mechanical and interface specifications for the following: Seagate® BarraCuda® model drives:

These drives provide the following key features:

• 128MB buffer.
• 5400-RPM spindle speed.
• 650 Gs of non-operating shock and 300 Gs of operating shock.
• Full-track multiple-sector transfer capability without local processor intervention.
• High instantaneous (burst) data-transfer rates (up to 6Gb/s).
• MTC TechnologyTM, proprietary data flow management.
• Native Command Queuing (NCQ) with command ordering.
• Quiet operation with Fluid Dynamic Bearing (FDB) motor.
• SeaToolsTM diagnostic software performs a drive self-test that eliminates unnecessary drive returns.
• Shingled magnetic recording with perpendicular magnetic recording heads/media.
• State-of-the-art cache and on-the-fly error-correction algorithms.
• Support for Read Multiple and Write Multiple commands.
• Support for S.M.A.R.T. drive monitoring and reporting.
• Worldwide Name (WWN) capability uniquely identifies the drive.

About the Serial ATA Interface

The Serial ATA interface provides several advantages over the traditional (parallel) ATA interface. 

The primary advantages include:

• Easy installation and configuration with true plug-and-play connectivity. It is not necessary to set any jumpers or other configuration options.
• Thinner and more flexible cabling for improved enclosure airflow and ease of installation.
• Scalability to higher performance levels.

In addition, Serial ATA makes the transition from parallel ATA easy by providing legacy software support. Serial ATA was designed to allow users t o install a Serial ATA host adapter and Serial ATA disk drive in the current system and expect all of the existing applications to work as normal.
The Serial ATA interface connects each disk drive in a point-to-point configuration with the Serial ATA host adapter. There is no master/slav e relationship with Serial ATA devices like there is with parallel ATA. If two drives are attached on one Serial ATA host adapter, the host operating system views the two devices as if they were both “masters” on two separate ports. This essentially means both drives behave as if they are Device  0 (master) devices.

Note: The host adapter may, optionally, emulate a master/slave environment to host software where tw o devices on separate Serial ATA ports are represented to host software as a Device 0 (master) and Device 1 (slave) accessed at the same set of host bus addresses. A host adapter that emulates a master/slav e environment manages two sets of shadow registers. This is not a typical Serial ATA environment.

The Serial ATA host adapter and drive share the function of emulating parallel ATA device behavior to provide backward compatibility with existing host systems and software. The Command and Control Block registers, PIO and DMA data transfers, resets, and interrupts are all emulated.
The Serial ATA host adapter contains a set of registers that shadow the contents of the traditional device registers, referred to as the Shadow Register Block. All Serial ATA devices behave like Device 0 devices.

Specifications

Unless otherwise noted, all specifications are measured under ambient conditions, at 25°C, and nominal power. For convenience, the phrases th e drive and this drive are used throughout this manual to indicate the following drive models:
The specification summaries listed in the following tables are for quick reference. 

Specification Summary 

Table 1 Drive Specifications Summary 

1. One GB equals one billion bytes when referring to hard drive capacity. Accessible capacity may vary depending on the operating environment and formatting.

Formatted Capacity 

1. One GB equals one billion bytes when referring to hard drive capacity. Accessible capacity may vary depending on the operating environment and formatting.

LBA mode

When addressing these drives in LBA mode, all blocks (sectors) are consecutively numbered from 0 to n–1, where n is the number of guaranteed sectors as defined above.
Refer to Unpacking, Configuring and Mounting the Drive on page 17 (words 60-61 and 100-103) for additional information about 48-bit addressing support of drives with capacities over 137 GB.

Physical organization 

Recording and Interface Technology

Physical Characteristics

Seek time

Seek measurements are taken with nominal power at 25°C ambient temperature. All times are measured using drive diagnostics. The specifications in the table below are defined as follows:

• Average seek time is determined by averaging the time to complete 1,000 seeks of random length.
• Average latency is the time required for the drive to rotate 1/2 of a revolution and on average is incurred after a seek completion prior to reading or writing user data.
• Startup time is the time elapsed between the supply voltages reaching operating range and the drive being ready to accept all commands. 
• Actual rotational speed can be different a little.
• Performance specification is limited to the room temperature & normal voltage condition.

Table 2: Typical seek times

Note: Seek time is defined as the time from the receipt of a read, write or seek comman d until the actuator has repositioned and settled on the desired track with the drive operating at nominal DC input voltages and nominal operating temperature.

Start/stop times 

Table 3: Start/stop times

Power Specifications

The drive receives DC power (+5V) through a native SATA power connector (refer to1).

Power consumption

Power requirements for the drives are listed in the table in Table 4. Typical power measurements are based on an average of drives tested, unde r nominal conditions, at 25°C ambient temperature. These power measurements are done with DIPM enabled.

• Spinup current is measured from the time of power-on to the time that the drive spindle reaches operating speed.
• Read/Write current is measured with the heads on track, based on three 64 sector read or write operations every 100 ms.
• The drive supports two idle modes: Active Idle mode and Low Power Idle mode.

Table 4: DC Power Requirements

1. Standby power is measured at steady state (after 200ms from transition)

Conducted noise
Input noise ripple is measured at the host system power supply across an equivalent 15-ohm resistive load on the +5 volt line.

• Using 5-volt power, the drive is expected to operate with a maximum of 100 mV peak-to-peak square-wave injected noise at up to 20 MHz.

Note: Equivalent resistance is calculated by dividing the nominal voltage by the typical RMS read/write current.

Supply Voltage

Power-management modes

The drive provides programmable power management to provide greater energy efficiency. In most systems, users can control power management through the system setup program. 

The drive features the following power-management modes:

• Active mode
  The drive is in Active mode during the read/write and seek operations.
• Idle mode
  The electronics remain powered, and the drive accepts all commands and returns to Active mode when disk access is necessary.
• Standby mode
  The drive enters Standby mode immediately when the host sends a Standby Immediate command. If the host has set the standby timer, the drive enters Standby mode automatically after the drive has been inactive for a specifiable length of time. The standb y timer delay is established using a Standby or Idle command. In Standby mode, the electronics are in low power mode, the heads are parked and the spindle is at rest. The drive accepts all commands and returns to Active mode when disk access is necessary.
• Sleep mode
  The drive enters Sleep mode after receiving a Sleep command from the host. In Sleep mode, the electronics are in low power mode, the heads are parked and the spindle is at rest. The drive leaves Sleep mode after it receives a Hard Reset or Soft Reset from the host. After receiving a reset, the drive exits Sleep mode and enters Standby mode.

Environmental Specifications

This section provides the temperature, humidity, shock, and vibration specifications for Seagate BarraCuda drives. Ambient temperature is defined as the temperature of the environment immediately surrounding the drive. Above 1000 feet (305 meters), the maximum temperature is derated linearly by 1°C every 1000 feet. 

Table 5: Environmental specifications

Note

The recommended storage period:

• 1 year under controlled conditions of 34°C 90%RH or less
• 90 days in uncontrolled storage conditions

Shock

All shock specifications assume that the drive is mounted securely with the input shock applied at the drive mounting screws. Shock may be applied in the X, Y, or Z axis.
Operating shock
These drives comply with the performance levels specified in this document when subjected to a maximum operating shock of 300 Gs based on half-sine shock pulses of 2 ms. Shocks should not be repeated more than one time per axis. Shocks should not be repeated more than one time per axis. There must be a minimum delay of 3 seconds between pulses.
Non-operating shock
The non-operating shock level that the drive can experience without incurring physical damage or degradation in performance when subsequently put into operation is 650 Gs based on a non-repetitive half-sine shock pulse of 1 ms duration.
Vibration
All vibration specifications assume that the drive is mounted securely with the input vibration applied at the drive mounting screws. Vibration may be applied in the X, Y, or Z axis.
Operating vibration
The maximum vibration levels that the drive may experience while meeting the performance standards specified in this document are specified below.

• 5-500 Hz, Sequential 0.7 Grms

Non-operating vibration
The maximum non-operating vibration levels that the drive may experience without incurring physical damage or degradation in performance when subsequently put into operation are specified below.

• 5-500 Hz, Random 3.52 Grms

Acoustics

Drive emission of sound is measured consistent with the ECMA-74 and its referenced standards. Testing is conducted at room temperatur e (approximately 25°C). Emission levels are reported as the total A-weighted sound power levers for steady state, idle, and active seeks modes of operation.
Table 6: Drive A-weighted Sound Power Levels (SWL, BA)

1. During periods of drive idle, some offline activity may occur according to the S.M.A.R.T. specification, which may increase acoustic and power to operational levels.

Test for prominent discrete tones (PDTs)
Seagate follows the ECMA-74 standards for measurement and identification of PDTs. An exception to this process is the use of the absolut e threshold of hearing. Seagate uses the lower limit for the threshold curve* to discern tone audibility and to compensate for the inaudibl e components of sound prior to computation of tone ratios according to Annex D of the ECMA-74 standards.

• Defined as the median curve given by ISO 389-7 (Tf curve) minus 10dB at all frequencies.

Electromagnetic Immunity
When properly installed in a representative host system, the drive operates without errors or degradation in performance when subjected to the radio frequency (RF) environment as defined in Table 7.

Table 7 Radio Frequency Environments 

Reliability

Description

The Seagate Barracuda 2.5 SATA ST5000LM000 is built with reliability and performance in mind. Its 5TB storage capacity allows users to store thousands of hours of video, tens of thousands of photos, and countless documents. The drive's 5400 RPM spindle speed and 128MB cache ensure fast data transfer rates, making it suitable for demanding applications such as video editing and gaming.

The drive's compact 2.5-inch form factor makes it compatible with most laptops and mobile devices, providing an easy upgrade path for those needing additional storage. Seagate's robust design and manufacturing process ensure that the drive can withstand the rigors of daily use.

Unpacking, Configuring, and Mounting the Drive

This chapter describes how to unpack, mount, configure and connect a BarraCuda. It also describes how to install the drive in systems.

Handling and Static-Discharge Precautions

After unpacking, and before installation, the drive may be exposed to potential handling and electrostatic discharge (ESD) hazards. Observe the following standard handling and static-discharge precautions.

CAUTION

• Keep the drive in the electrostatic discharge (ESD) bag until ready for installation to limit the drive’s exposure to ESD.
• Before handling the drive, put on a grounded wrist strap, or ground yourself frequently by touching the metal chassis of a computer that is plugged into a grounded outlet. Wear a grounded wrist strap throughout the entir e installation procedure.
• Handle the drive by its edges or frame only.
• The drive is extremely fragile—handle it with care. Do not press down on the drive top cover.
• Always rest the drive on a padded, antistatic surface until mounting it in the computer.
• Do not touch the connector pins or the printed circuit board.
• Do not remove the factory-installed labels from the drive or cover them with additional labels. Removal voids the warranty. Some factory-installed labels contain information needed to service the drive. Other labels are used to seal out dirt and contamination.

Configuring the Drive

Each drive on the Serial ATA interface connects in a point-to-point configuration with the Serial ATA host adapter. There is no master/slave relationship because each drive is considered a master in a point-to-point relationships. If two drives are attached on one Serial ATA host adapter, the host operating system views the two devices as if they were both “masters” on two separate ports. Both drives behave as if they are Device  0 (master) devices.

Serial ATA Cables and Connectors

The Serial ATA interface cable consists of four conductors in two differential pairs, plus three ground connections. The cable size may be 30 to 2 6 AWG with a maximum length of one meter (39.37 in). Refer to Table 9 for connector pin definitions. Either end of the SATA signal cable can be attached to the drive or host.

For direct backplane connection, the drive connectors are inserted directly into the host receptacle. The drive and the host receptacle incorporate features that enable the direct connection to be hot pluggable and blind mateable. For installations which require cables, users can connect the drive as shown in1.

Figure 1 Attaching SATA Cabling

Each cable is keyed to ensure correct orientation. BarraCuda drives support latching SATA connectors. 

Drive Mounting

Users can mount the drive in any orientation using four screws in the side-mounting holes or four screws in the bottom-mounting holes. Refer to2 and Figure 2 for drive mounting dimensions. Follow these important mounting precautions when mounting the drive:

• Allow a minimum clearance of 0.030 in (0.76 mm) around the entire perimeter of the drive for cooling.
• Use only M3 x 0.5 mounting screws.
• Do not overtighten the mounting screws. Maximum torque: 4.0 in-lb (0.4519 N-m).
• Four (4) threads (0.080 in, 2.032 mm) minimum screw engagement recommended.
• Avoid excessive drive distortion when mounting. Refer to the following specifications for stiffness/deflection information:

Figure 2 Mounting Dimensions (for 1-disk models)

Serial ATA (SATA) Interface

These drives use the industry-standard Serial ATA interface that supports FIS data transfers. It supports ATA programmed input/output (PIO) mode s 0–4; multiword DMA modes 0–2, and Ultra DMA modes 0–6. The drive also supports the use of the IORDY signal to provide reliable high-speed data transfers.

Hot-Plug Compatibility

BarraCuda drives incorporate connectors which enable users to hot plug these drives in accordance with the Serial ATA: High Speed Serialized A T Attachment specification revision 2.0. This specification can be downloaded from https://www.serialata.org   This device requires a COMRESET from th e host after a hotplug event.

Serial ATA Device Plug Connector Pin Definitions

Table 9 summarizes the signals on the Serial ATA interface and power connectors. Refer to the Table Notes below. 

Table 9 Serial ATA Connector Pin Definitions 

Notes

1. All pins are in a single row, with a 1.27 mm (0.050 in) pitch.
2. The comments on the mating sequence apply to the case of backplane blindmate connector only. In this case, the mating sequences are:
   • the ground pins P4 and P12.
   • the pre-charge power pins and the other ground pins.
   • the signal pins and the rest of the power pins.
3. There are three power pins for each voltage. One pin from each voltage is used for pre-charge when installed in a blind-mate backplane  configuration.
4. All used voltage pins (Vx) must be terminated.

Supported ATA Commands

Table 10 lists Serial ATA standard commands that the drive supports. For a detailed description of the ATA commands, refer to the Serial AT A International Organization: Serial ATA (Revision 2.6). Refer to https://www.sata-io.org 

Refer to S.M.A.R.T. commands on page 28 for details and subcommands used in the S.M.A.R.T. implementation.
Table 10 Supported ATA commands

Identify Device command

The Identify Device command (command code ECH) transfers information about the drive to the host following power up. The data is organized as a single 512-byte block of data, whose contents are shown in Table 11. All reserved bits or words should be set to zero. Parameters listed with an “x ” are drive-specific or vary with the state of the drive. Refer to Drive Specifications Summary on page 6 for default parameter settings.
The following commands contain drive-specific features that may not be included in the Serial ATA specification.
Table 11 Identify Device command

Table 12 Bit Descriptions  

Set Features command

This command controls the implementation of various features that the drive supports. When the drive receives this command, it sets BSY, check s the contents of the Features register, clears BSY and generates an interrupt. If the value in the register does not represent a feature that the drive supports, the command is aborted. Power-on default has the read look-ahead and write caching features enabled. 
The acceptable values for the Features register are defined as follows:
Table 13 Set Features command values 

Note: At power-on, or after a hardware or software reset, the default values of the features are as indicated above

S.M.A.R.T. commands

S.M.A.R.T. provides near-term failure prediction for disk drives. When S.M.A.R.T. is enabled, the drive monitors predetermined drive attributes that are susceptible to degradation over time. If self-monitoring determines that a failure is likely, S.M.A.R.T. makes a status report available to the host. Not all failures are predictable. S.M.A.R.T. predictability is limited to the attributes the drive can monitor. For more information on S.M.A.R.T. commands and implementation, see the Draft ATA-5 Standard.
SeaTools diagnostic software activates a built-in drive self-test (DST S.M.A.R.T. command for D4H) that eliminates unnecessary drive returns. The diagnostic software ships with all new drives and is also available at: http://www.seagate.com/support/downloads/seatools/ 
This drive is shipped with S.M.A.R.T. features disabled. Users must have a recent BIOS or software package that supports S.M.A.R.T. to enable this feature. The table below shows the S.M.A.R.T. command codes that the drive uses.

Table 14 S.M.A.R.T. Commands 

Note: If an appropriate code is not written to the Features Register, the command is aborted and 0x 04 (abort) is written to the Error register.

Setup Guide

To set up the Seagate Barracuda 2.5 SATA ST5000LM000, follow these steps:

1. Shut down your laptop or device completely.
2. Locate the hard drive bay in your device. This is usually accessible from the bottom or side.
3. Remove any screws holding the bay cover in place and carefully pull out the existing drive (if applicable).
4. Connect the new drive to the SATA port on your motherboard, ensuring it is securely seated.
5. Replace any screws you removed to secure the drive in place.
6. Boot up your device and enter the BIOS settings (usually by pressing F2, F12, or Del during startup).
7. Recognize the new drive in the BIOS settings and save the changes.
8. Install an operating system if necessary or format the drive through your operating system's disk management tools.

Troubleshooting

If you encounter issues with your Seagate Barracuda 2.5 SATA ST5000LM000, here are some common problems and solutions:

• Drive Not Recognized: Ensure the drive is properly connected to the SATA port and recognized by the BIOS. Check for loose connections.
• Slow Performance: Check for disk fragmentation and run a disk defragmentation tool if necessary. Also, ensure that no other resource-intensive processes are running in the background.
• Data Loss: Regularly back up your data to prevent loss. Use a reliable backup solution like an external hard drive or cloud storage.
• Overheating: Ensure good airflow around your device to prevent overheating. Avoid placing the device on soft surfaces that may block air vents.

Seagate Barracuda 2.5 SATA ST5000LM000 Pros & Cons

Pros

• High Storage Capacity: Offers 5TB of storage, ideal for large data sets.
• Compact Design: The 2.5-inch form factor makes it compatible with most laptops.
• Reliable Performance: 5400 RPM spindle speed and 128MB cache ensure smooth data access.
• Energy Efficiency: Low power consumption helps extend battery life in mobile devices.

Cons

• Speed Limitations: While adequate for most users, faster SSDs may outperform this HDD in certain tasks.
• Physical Sensitivity: As with all mechanical drives, it can be sensitive to physical shocks and drops.
• Noise Level: May produce more noise compared to solid-state drives due to its mechanical nature.

Customer Reviews

Customer reviews for the Seagate Barracuda 2.5 SATA ST5000LM000 have been generally positive, with many users praising its high storage capacity and reliable performance. However, some users have noted that it may not be as fast as solid-state drives and can be noisy during operation.

Common Complaints:

• Some users have reported issues with compatibility in certain laptop models.
• A few users have experienced slower write speeds compared to other hard drives.